The testes are a paired organ located in a skin pouch and isolated from each other. Produces sperm and testosterone. In addition, it produces sperm. Thus, the testicles are the reproductive organ of every man.
Each egg is covered with a shell and, as a rule, one is smaller than the other. Their slight asymmetry is normal, not a pathology.
Shortly before birth, they descend into the testicles. Their shape resembles an ellipse, up to 5 cm long and 3. 5 cm wide. The average weight of one testicle is between 15 and 25 g. It has been proven that their volume directly depends on the place of residence and race. The scrotum protects the testicles from damage and extreme temperatures. His skin is very sensitive like the whole body. Therefore, even a small pain in the testicles affects the state of the whole body: mild nausea, irritability, dizziness, etc.
There are times when the question arises sharply, why a person's testicles hurt, the causes of this symptom can be different. Pain can have a different character: aching, pulling, throbbing, burning. And often the man cannot tell what the reason is. Unpleasant and painful feelings should not be ignored in any case.
You need to make an urgent appointment. A urologist deals with determining the causes that cause certain types of pain. The doctor will examine and feel the testicles to determine whether there are any inflammatory diseases: swelling, the presence of seals inside, signs of pain. If necessary, a full examination will be carried out.
Symptoms that indicate problems in the testicles:
- the presence of seals or a small tumor;
- pain during palpation or change in shape and size;
- the presence of pain that is not caused by any injury;
- pain lasting more than an hour after damage to the testicles;
- the presence of pulling, intensifying pain;
- elevated temperature.
Next, we will consider in more detail why a man's testicles hurt - the reasons that cause pain.
injury. When the cause of the pain is an injury caused by a mechanical effect. Its duration and strength are directly proportional to the severity of the effect. A small bruise causes sharp, short-term pain.
Severe pain from a severe injury can cause shock or cause loss of consciousness. If there is discomfort in the testicles, pay attention to the type of pain. If it does not pass for a long time and becomes stronger, then we can assume the presence of a chronic injury. Cuts and stab wounds are especially dangerous. In this case, urgent help is needed, otherwise there is a high probability of losing the testicle.
Torsion. It is still not clear why this happens, but the consequences of such a phenomenon are so serious that it can lead to the death of the testicle. Sharp pain occurs suddenly with sprain.
Blood circulation stops and the vas deferens is compressed. In this case, you should consult a doctor immediately, no later than 7 hours. As a rule, manual detortion is done first. If this does not help, they resort to surgical intervention. Often this phenomenon occurs at a young age.
Inflammation. It can be both in the epididymis (epididymitis) and in the testicle itself (orchitis). The cause of these diseases are viral and bacterial infections transmitted during sexual intercourse.
Epididymitis is characterized by pain on one side, which increases, swelling of the scrotum appears, urination is accompanied by pain and burning, white fluid is released from the urethra, body temperature rises, blood may be in the semen.
Causes of the disease: prostatitis and urethritis, infection of the urethra, complications of tuberculosis. It can be acute and chronic. The duration of the initial stage lasts up to one and a half months. Inability to conceive will be the result of complications and lack of treatment.
With a disease lasting more than six months, we can talk about chronic epididymitis. This is accompanied by a deterioration of general well-being, a weakening of the immune system, and the inflammation moves to the skin sac. With orchitis, there is an increase in the testicles, which causes pain. There is a sharp increase in temperature, pain in the groin and back.
The skin sac becomes smooth because it is filled with blood. The pain increases with walking or exertion. Such a phenomenon can be the result of trauma or contact with the patient (mumps, typhus, tripper).
Insatiable sexual arousal. This also causes pain. Long-term erection causes blood stagnation. It often goes away on its own and does not require any treatment.
Torn. Penetration of organs from the peritoneum through holes formed in the skin sac. Visually, it looks like a bulge in the groin or scrotum. It causes pain especially during palpation. When they increase, nausea and vomiting occur. It was almost a hernia violation. If not operated, necrosis with peritonitis may develop.
You can talk about prostatitis if you have the following symptoms:
- you feel a strong burning sensation during urination;
- increased attempts to urinate at night;
- constant urge and feeling of urinary fullness;
- the presence of pain during ejaculation;
- the tip of the penis is the source of pain.
Renal colic. When stones move along the urinary tract as a result of urolithiasis. The pain is so strong that it spreads to the testicle. This often results in nausea and vomiting.
Varicocele. With this disease, the vessels in the skin sac expand, accompanied by the appearance of bumps around the egg and increase in size. It does not pose a threat to a person's health and does not cause much concern throughout his life. But with complications, it can lead to infertility. It is usually observed on the left (80-98%). This is due to the fact that the veins from different sides flow in different ways.
Varicocele on both sides is observed only in 2-12% of cases, and on the right in 3-8%. The cause of this disease is the poor functioning of the valves located in the veins. With heavy work or sports, as well as with standing, it causes the vessel to increase. This is how the veins around the spermatic cord become swollen. The features of the anatomical location of the renal vein and upper artery can also cause such a disease.
Drip. Accumulation of serous fluid occurs in the shell of the testicles.
The result can be injuries, heart failure, damage to the lymph nodes in the groin or pelvis.
There is an increase in the skin sac and the formation of pain. It is diagnosed by simple probing, in special cases it is necessary to conduct an ultrasound. It is removed during surgery.
Spermatocele. An empty sac is formed in the testicle, spermatozoa are filled with fluid and do not reach a significant size. The skin bag is not deformed, it is not accompanied by pain. Ejaculation may occur during ejaculation.
Tumors. Pain in the testicles can cause malignant tumors. Cryptorchidism can cause such a pathology. This disease occurs during childbirth, when the testicles do not descend into the skin sac, remain in the abdominal cavity, and the temperature is much higher. As a result, tumors of various etiologies are formed.
Factors that cause tumors:
- genetic predisposition;
- damage to the testicles;
- underdevelopment of testicles;
- surgical interventions;
- inability to conceive.
If you have been diagnosed with a malignant tumor, do not despair. Testicular cancer caught at an early stage can be treated very effectively. Therefore, it is very important to see a doctor immediately if you feel any pain.
Testicles are damaged: causes and diagnostic methods in men and children
When the testicles hurt, the causes in men can be caused by various diseases that are characteristic of adults, but in children, the causes are often quite simple.
Almost all pain that occurs is caused by either trauma or wearing tight underwear. In addition to pain, there is wear and irritation of the skin surface, swelling often occurs.
A crushed testicle most often occurs during active and high-action play or when a child is hit in the scrotum during a child fight. Bruising also occurs when riding a vehicle such as a bicycle (an unfortunate landing on a hard seat). During the impact, pain occurs, the inner shell of the testicle is damaged, and swelling occurs. My scrotum is purple.
twist around the axis. In a normal healthy state, the testicles are attached to the "outside" inside the testicle by so-called threads. In boys, sometimes the fixation is weak and therefore twisting occurs. By itself, the torsion of the vessels is produced, so the blood flow is first disturbed and then it can stop completely.
There is a sharp sharp pain, the testicle swells, the touch causes pain. This condition is accompanied by nausea and severe vomiting and cannot do without surgical intervention. In slightly older boys, the vas deferens on both sides of the testicles can also be damaged.
The testicle swells, redness appears on one side of the scrotum, pain is felt during palpation. Parotitis, parotitis in ordinary people, causes inflammation of the testicles as a complication. After treatment with a number of hormones, the risk of infertility is significantly reduced. Other diseases - dropsy, hernia in the groin, underdevelopment of the testicles, absence of a testicle in the testicle. Sometimes young parents think that the child has no testicles.
They're totally there, they're just not where they should be, meaning they're not in the right place, not in the testicle. During fetal development, the testicles are located near the kidneys. As the fetus grows and develops, they sort of descend and almost descend into the testicle before birth. Sometimes it happens that the testicles do not descend. This phenomenon is called cryptorchidism.
The disease does not cause any discomfort or acute disorder, but due to such a disease, a male who has reached puberty can have a terrible disease like infertility. Therefore, an operation is performed (until the child reaches the age of six) - a testicle is lowered into the testicle.
If the testicle remains inside the abdominal cavity, a neoplasm is possible there. What to do to avoid irreversible consequences. How is the problem treated? If the testicles hurt, what are the ways to solve it? The causes have been identified in men and children, now it is necessary to understand the treatment. First, you need to contact a highly qualified doctor and go through a series of procedures for diagnosis.
The doctor examines the patient, questions him and then sends him to laboratory tests:
- Give blood.
- Urine is given.
- If there is discharge from the glans penis, a urethral tamponade is performed.
- Mandatory ultrasound examination of the testicles.
Treatment is prescribed by the doctor depending on the cause of the pain.
Treatment of minor injuries, as well as bruises, is carried out at home under the supervision of a doctor, therapy includes:
- Taking anti-inflammatory drugs, anesthesia.
- The scrotum is lifted.
- Ice is applied to the injury site.
- If the scrotum is torn due to a bruise, blood collects inside, and therefore treatment is impossible without timely surgical intervention.
Epididymitis. Most often, outpatient treatment is carried out, but if the condition is particularly neglected and difficult, hospitalization is necessary.
Treatment:
- Taking antibacterial drugs for 14 days.
- Taking anti-inflammatory drugs.
- Taking medicine to relieve pain.
- Implementation of scrotal support.
- If there are complications, it is impossible to do without surgery. What complexity are we talking about? In particular, about the scrotal abscess.
Inguinal hernia is treated only surgically.
If the patient agrees, then the treatment is completed on an outpatient basis, but at the same time, the hernia, which causes strangulation and pain in the back and abdomen, must be surgically repaired.
It does not matter how the cause causes pain in the testicles, and therefore the treatment is carried out according to the prescription and strictly under the supervision and control of the doctor. You should not be treated yourself, because the consequences can be irreversible, and a person will lose a normal sex life due to stupidity, as well as the ability to become parents and continue his race. All diseases are preventable.
To do this, do not forget about personal hygiene and follow simple rules:
- leading a healthy lifestyle;
- eat correctly and in a balanced way, follow the regime;
- be selective in sex and remember to protect yourself;
- regular sex life is also the prevention of malignant tumors.
Self-examine your testicles more often. You can do this in the bath when the skin is relaxed from the hot water. Take the leather bag in the palm of your hand, a testicle may be slightly larger, but should be the same weight. Roll the testicle in your fingers, feel it. Check them for seals. Healthy testicles are elliptical in shape, not hard, smooth to the touch, without lumps.
Do this with both testicles. Carefully inspect the spermatic cords. They should be smooth and flexible. Also check them in both testicles. Check the appendages behind the testicles. Small shells should be soft and thin. If the disease still overtakes you, do not despair and do not panic. The main thing is to make a correct diagnosis.